Derk Pereboom
My research areas are free will and moral responsibility, philosophy of mind, history of modern philosophy, especially Kant, and philosophy of religion, and I teach courses in each of these areas.
My views on free will are developed in Living without Free Will (Cambridge 2001), Four Views on Free Will (Blackwell 2007), and in my articles on this issue. My overall position is that due to general facts about the nature of the universe, we lack the sort of free will required for moral responsibility – that is, for our deserving, in a fundamental sense, blame or punishment for immoral action, and credit or reward for morally right action. We would not be morally responsible in this sense if determinism were true, but also if indeterminism were true and the causes of our actions were exclusively events. For such indeterministic causal histories of actions would be as threatening to this sort of free will as deterministic histories are. However, it might be that if we were undetermined agent-causes – if we as substances had the power to cause decisions without being causally determined to cause them – we would then have this type of free will. But although our being undetermined agent causes has not been ruled out as a coherent possibility, it is not credible given our best physical theories. Thus I do not claim that our having the sort of free will required for moral responsibility is impossible. Nevertheless, since the only account on which we are likely to have this kind of free will is not credible given our best physical theories, we must take very seriously the prospect that we are in fact not free in the sense required for moral responsibility. At the same time, I contend that a conception of life without this type of free will would not be devastating to morality or to our sense of meaning in life, and in certain important respects it may even be beneficial.
The physicalist position I propose in philosophy of mind, which I first defended in a number of articles, is now set out in Consciousness and the Prospects of Physicalism (Oxford 2011). I begin by developing two responses to the knowledge and conceivability arguments against physicalism. The first exploits the open possibility that introspective representations fail to represent mental properties as they are in themselves; specifically, that introspection represents phenomenal properties as having certain characteristic qualitative natures, which these properties might actually lack. The second response draws on the proposal that currently unknown fundamental intrinsic properties provide categorical bases for known physical properties and also yield an account of consciousness. While there are non-physicalist versions of this position, some are amenable to physicalism. The book’s third theme is a defense of a nonreductive account of physicalism. The kind of nonreductivism endorsed departs from others in that it rejects all token identity claims for psychological and microphysical entities. The deepest relation between the mental and the microphysical is constitution, where this relation is not to be explicated by the notion of identity. In addition, mental properties are identical to higher-level structural or compositional properties, and in this respect the position represents a compromise with type-identity theories.
My work on Kant focuses on the powers he thinks the self has, and how by means of philosophical investigation we can come to know or form rational beliefs about the nature of those powers. These powers include the capacity to gain knowledge of the world of experience, the mental processing that underlies this capacity, and the power of transcendental freedom. Kant thinks that we can acquire knowledge of the first two powers by means of transcendental philosophy, and one of my aims is to provide an account of the methodology of this discipline. But Kant maintains that we cannot know we are transcendentally free; we can only form a practically rational belief that we have this power. Another goal of mine is to explain why Kant endorses this view, and, more generally, why he believes that our knowledge has such limitations.
Office telephone: (607)255-6825
E-mail address:
Address: 323 Goldwin Smith Hall, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-3201
Curriculum Vitae: pdf
Books:
- Living Without Free Will, Cambridge University Press, 2001. Cambridge University Press information
- Four Views on Free Will (co-authored with John Martin Fischer, Robert Kane, and Manuel Vargas) Blackwell Publishers, 2007. Blackwell Publishers Information
- Consciousness and the Prospects of Physicalism, New York: Oxford University Press, 2011. Oxford University Press Information
Articles:
- "Kant on Intentionality," Synthese 77 (1988), pp. 321-52. pdf
- "Kant on Justification in Transcendental Philosophy," Synthese 85 (1990), pp. 25-54. pdf
- "Kant's Amphiboly," Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie 73 (1991), pp. 50-70. pdf
- with Hilary Kornblith, "The Metaphysics of Irreducibility," Philosophical Studies 63 (1991), pp. 125-45. pdf
- "Why a Scientific Realist Cannot Be a Functionalist," Synthese 88 (1991), pp. 341-58. pdf
- "Is Kant's Transcendental Philosophy Inconsistent?" History of Philosophy Quarterly 8 (1991), pp. 357-72. pdf
- "Mathematical Expressibility, Perceptual Relativity, and Secondary Qualities," Studies in History and Philosophy of Science 22, (1991), pp. 63-88. pdf
- "Bats, Brain Scientists, and the Limitations of Introspection," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 54 (1994), pp. 315-29 pdf
- "Stoic Psychotherapy in Descartes and Spinoza," Faith and Philosophy 11 (1994), pp. 592-625. pdf
- "Determinism Al Dente," Noûs 29 (1995), pp. 21-45. pdf
- "Self-Understanding in Kant's Transcendental Deduction," Synthese 103 (1995), pp. 1-42. pdf
- "Conceptual Structure and the Individuation of Content," Philosophical Perspectives 9 (1995), pp. 401-26. pdf
- "Kant on God, Evil, and Teleology," Faith and Philosophy 13 (1996), pp. 508-33. pdf
- "On Bilgrami's Belief and Meaning," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 58 (1998), pp. 621-26. pdf
- "Alternative Possibilities and Causal Histories," Philosophical Perspectives 14 (2000), pp. 119-37. pdf
- "Assessing Kant's Master Argument," a review essay on Robert Howell's Kant's Transcendental Deduction, Kantian Review 5 (2001), pp. 90-102.
- "On Baker's Persons and Bodies," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 64 (2002), pp. 615-22.
- "Robust Nonreductive Materialism," Journal of Philosophy 99 (2002), pp. 499-531. pdf
- "Living Without Free Will: The Case for Hard Incompatibilism," in The Oxford Handbook of Free Will, Robert Kane, ed., New York: Oxford University Press, 2002, pp. 477-88. pdf
- "Source Incompatibilism and Alternative Possibilities," Michael McKenna and David Widerker, eds., Freedom, Responsibility, and Agency: Essays on the Importance of Alternative Possibilities, Ashgate, 2003, pp. 185-99. pdf
- “Meaning in Life Without Free Will,” Philosophic Exchange 33 (2002-3), pp. 19-34. pdf
- "Is Our Conception of Agent-Causation Coherent?" Philosophical Topics 32 (2004), pp. 275-86. pdf
- "The Problem of Evil," The Blackwell Guide to Philosophy of Religion, William E. Mann, ed., Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2004, pp. 148-70. pdf
- "Defending Hard Incompatibilism," Midwest Studies 29 (2005), pp. 228-47. pdf
- "Free Will, Evil, and Divine Providence," in God and the Ethics of Belief: New Essays in Philosophy of Religion, Andrew Chignell and Andrew Dole, eds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005, pp. 77-98. pdf
- "Reasons Responsiveness, Alternative Possibilities, and Manipulation Arguments Against Compatibilism; Reflections on John Martin Fischer's My Way," Philosophical Books 47 (2006), pp. 198-212. pdf
- "The Metaphysical and Transcendental Deductions," in A Companion to to Kant, Graham Bird, ed., Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2006, pp. 154-68. pdf
- "Kant on Transcendental Freedom," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 73 (2006), 537-67. pdf
- "On Alfred Mele's Free Will and Luck," Philosophical Explorations 10 (2007), pp. 163-72. pdf
- A Hard-Line Reply to the Multiple-Case Manipulation Argument,” Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 77, 2008, pp. 160-70. pdf
- “A Compatibilist Account of the Epistemic Conditions on Rational Deliberation,” Journal of Ethics 12, 2008, pp. 287-307. pdf
- Consciousness and Introspective Inaccuracy," Appearance, Reality, and the Good: Themes from the Philosophy of Robert M. Adams, L. M. Jorgensen and Samuel Newlands, eds., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009, pp. 156-87. pdf
- "Defending Hard Incompatibilism Again," Essays on Free Will and Moral Responsibility, Nick Trakakis and Daniel Cohen, eds., Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Press, 2008, pp. 1-33. pdf
- "Hard Incompatibilism and its Rivals,” Philosophical Studies 144, 2009, pp. 21-33.
- “Further Thoughts about a Frankfurt-Style Argument,” Philosophical Explorations 12, 2009, pp. 109-18.
- “Free Will, Love and Anger,” Ideas y Valores 141, 2009, pp. 5-25. pdf
- “Kant’s Transcendental Arguments,” The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Edward N. Zalta, ed., URL = http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant-transcendental/, 2009.
- with Andrew Chignell, “Kant’s Theory of Causation and its Eighteenth Century German Background,” review essay on Eric Watkins, Kant and the Metaphysics of Causality, and Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason: Background and Source Materials, Philosophical Review 119, 2010, pp. 565-91.
- “Theological Determinism and Divine Providence,” in Molinism: The Contemporary Debate, Ken Perszyk, ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, forthcoming.
- “Free Will Skepticism and Meaning in Life,” in The Oxford Handbook of Free Will, Robert Kane, ed., second edition, New York: Oxford University Press, forthcoming.
- “On John Fischer’s Our Stories,” book symposium, Philosophical Studies, forthcoming.
- “Optimistic Skepticism about Free Will,” in The Philosophy of Free Will: Selected Contemporary Readings, Paul Russell and Oisin Deery, eds., New York: Oxford University Press, forthcoming. pdf
- This last article is an overview of my position on free will, and includes a new statement of the multiple case argument against compatibilism, and a new Frankfurt case designed to respond to a number of recent objections.
Reviews:
- of Robert Kane, "The Significance of Free Will," Ethics 111 (2000), p. 426. pdf
- of Randolph Clarke, "Libertarian Accounts of Free Will," Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 74 (2007), pp. 269-72. pdf
- of John Martin Fischer, "My Way," Ethics 117 (2007) , pp. 754-7. pdf
- William Rowe, Can God Be Free?, Philosophical Review 118, 2009, pp. 121-27
